Molniya 8K78 | Mars 1

Success

Molniya 8K78 | Mars 1

Modified Venera-type spacecraft designed to flyby Mars at a distance of about 11,000 km. Its closest approach with the planet was at a distance of approximately 193,000 km, probably due to a failure of its orientation system.

Mission type: Robotic Exploration · Orbit: Mars flyby

Rocket: Molniya 8K78 · Provider: Soviet Space Program

Launch pad

1/5, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan · View on map (opens in new tab)